1// 原始类型
2const name: string = '小明';
3const age: number = 25;
4const isDeveloper: boolean = true;
5
6// 数组
7const skills: string[] = ['TypeScript', 'React', 'Node.js'];
8
9// 类型化对象
10interface Developer {
11  name: string;
12  age: number;
13  skills: string[];
14}
15
16const dev: Developer = {
17  name: '小明',
18  age: 25,
19  skills: ['TypeScript', 'React', 'Node.js'],
20};

1// 带参数和返回类型的函数
2function calculateSalary(hourlyRate: number, hours: number = 40): number {
3  return hourlyRate * hours;
4}
5
6// 带类型的箭头函数
7const sayHello = (name: string): string => `你好，${name}！`;

1// 联合类型
2type ProjectStatus = '进行中' | '已完成' | '已暂停';
3let status: ProjectStatus = '进行中';
4
5// 泛型
6interface Response<T> {
7  data: T;
8  status: number;
9}
10
11const apiResponse: Response<Developer> = {
12  data: dev,
13  status: 200,
14};

1interface Project {
2  client?: {
3    name?: string;
4  };
5}
6
7const project: Project = {};
8const clientName = project.client?.name ?? '匿名客户';

1interface Admin {
2  role: 'admin';
3  permissions: string[];
4}
5
6interface User {
7  role: 'user';
8  level: number;
9}
10
11function handleUser(person: Admin | User) {
12  if (person.role === 'admin') {
13    console.log(person.permissions); // TypeScript知道这是Admin
14  } else {
15    console.log(person.level); // TypeScript知道这是User
16  }
17}

1// Partial - 使所有属性可选
2type PartialDev = Partial<Developer>;
3
4// Pick - 选择特定属性
5type BasicDev = Pick<Developer, 'name' | 'age'>;
6
7// Omit - 排除特定属性
8type DevWithoutSkills = Omit<Developer, 'skills'>;